Proteus magnets for fluid composition and fluid flow measurements

Abstract

In this thesis, the design, fabrication, and testing of a new portable magnet, generically termed the Proteus magnet, is presented as means of performing a broad range of magnetic resonance measurements. The Proteus magnet is intended for ¹H measurements of liquids and is fully functional when submersed in the sample of interest. The Proteus magnet is fabricated from a pair of low-cost, commercial, NdFeB disk magnets, axially polarized, with their North and South poles aligned. The sensor is evaluated through a series of measurements including bulk Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG), T₂, saturation recovery T₁, self-diffusion, T₁-T₂, and D-T₂. The Proteus magnet geometry was altered to introduce a moderate 65 gauss/cm constant gradient to permit the acquisition of phase shifted magnetic resonance signal from fluids flowing through the magnet with CPMG measurements. The mean flow velocity can be determined from the phase shift.