The recalcitrance of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) soil pollutants requires the development of cost-effective in-situ soil remediation treatments. A biopolymer/surfactant (bP/S) CO₂ foam and a self-assembly bP/β-Cyclodextrin/S CO₂ foam system were evaluated for the removal of a model HOC from high permeability sandy soils. The effect of the type of biopolymer/surfactant and brine salinity on the performance of the CO₂ foam systems were investigated. The maximum HOC removal percentage (99.1%) was obtained by the bP/β-Cyclodextrin /S-2.1wt% CO₂ foam system, followed by bP/S-2.1wt% with a removal of 91.6%, bP/βCD /S-8.4wt% with a removal of 80%, and the bP/S-8.4wt% with a removal of 78.4%. It was also determined that the HOC removal efficiency decreases with increasing the ionic strength of the brine. The self-assembly bP/β-Cyclodextrin/S-2.1wt% proved to be efficient in rendering the formation of an enhanced CO₂ foam system with superior performance as in-situ soil remediation treatment relative to conventional polymer/surfactant CO₂ foam systems.
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