The role of psychological factors in determining positive and negative outcomes in individuals with MS: an attachment perspective

Abstract

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Elevated rates of depression (Giordano et al., 2013), anxiety (Goretti et al., 2009), and reduced quality of life (Yamout et al., 2013) have been reported in individuals with MS. The objectives of the study were: to provide a comprehensive psychological profile of individuals with MS and identify factors that predict quality of life. A total of 187 individuals completed a questionnaire package assessing psychological and outcome variables. Staff obtained objective measurements of disease status. Results revealed that being employed predicted higher Physical Health Composite scores. Dysfunctional Coping, higher MS disability scores, Depression, and Anxiety each predicted lower Physical Health Composite scores. Experiencing a relapse, and having greater Neuroticism, Dysfunctional Coping, Depression, and State Anxiety each predicted lower Mental Health Composite scores. Thus, as part of disease management, individuals with MS may require psychological interventions to enhance overall functioning.