Browsing by Author "McDonald, James Ted"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Comparison of socio-economic determinants of COVID-19 testing and positivity in Canada: A multi-provincial analysis
    (PLOS, 2023-08-23) Antonova, Lilia; Somayaji, Chandy; Cameron, Jillian; Sirski, Monica; Sundaram, Maria E.; McDonald, James Ted; Mishra, Sharmistha; Kwong, Jeffrey C.; Katz, Alan; Baral, Stefan; Caulley, Lisa; Calzavara, Andrew; Corsten, Martin; Johnson-Obaseki, Stephanie
    The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been more pronounced for socially disadvantaged populations. We sought to determine how access to SARS-CoV-2 testing and the likelihood of testing positive for COVID-19 were associated with demographic factors, socioeconomic status (SES) and social determinants of health (SDH) in three Canadian provinces.
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    Essential requirements for the governance and management of data trusts, data repositories, and other data collaborations
    (Swansea University, 2023-09-20) Paprica, P. Alison; Crichlow, Monique; Curtis Maillet, Donna; Kesselring, Sarah; Pow, Conrad; Scarnecchia, Thomas P.; Schull, Michael J.; Cartagena, Rosario G.; Cumyn, Annabelle; Dostmohammad, Salman; Elliston, Keith O.; Griever, Michelle; Hawn Nelson, Amy; Hill, Sean L.; Isaranuwatcha, Wanrudee; Loukipoudis, Evgueni; McDonald, James Ted; McLaughlin, John R.; Rabinowitz, Alan; Razak, Fahad; Verhulst, Stefaan G.; Verma, Amol A.; Victor, J. Charles; Young, Andrew; Yu, Joanna; McGrail, Kimberlyn
    Introduction Around the world, many organisations are working on ways to increase the use, sharing, and reuse of person-level data for research, evaluation, planning, and innovation while ensuring that data are secure and privacy is protected. As a contribution to broader efforts to improve data governance and management, in 2020 members of our team published 12 minimum specification essential requirements (min specs) to provide practical guidance for organisations establishing or operating data trusts and other forms of data infrastructure. Approach and Aims We convened an international team, consisting mostly of participants from Canada and the United States of America, to test and refine the original 12 min specs. Twenty-three (23) data-focused organisations and initiatives recorded the various ways they address the min specs. Sub-teams analysed the results, used the findings to make improvements to the min specs, and identified materials to support organisations/initiatives in addressing the min specs. Results Analyses and discussion led to an updated set of 15 min specs covering five categories: one min spec for Legal, five for Governance, four for Management, two for Data Users, and three for Stakeholder & Public Engagement. Multiple changes were made to make the min specs language more technically complete and precise. The updated set of 15 min specs has been integrated into a Canadian national standard that, to our knowledge, is the first to include requirements for public engagement and Indigenous Data Sovereignty. Conclusions The testing and refinement of the min specs led to significant additions and improvements. The min specs helped the 23 organisations/initiatives involved in this project communicate and compare how they achieve responsible and trustworthy data governance and management. By extension, the min specs, and the Canadian national standard based on them, are likely to be useful for other data-focused organisations and initiatives.
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    Push or pull into self employment? Evidence from Longitudinal Canadian Tax Data
    (New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2017-08) Leonard, Philip S.J.; Emery, J.C. Herbert; McDonald, James Ted
    Does the choice of self-employment over paid employment reflect that individuals are “pushed” into self-employment by negative economic conditions or “pulled” in by strong economic prospects? Using longitudinal Canadian taxfiler data, we show that the self-employment rate has been very stable over the past decade in spite of the large increase in unemployment rate associated with the 2008 recession. The lack of cyclical association of self-employment rates suggests that self-employment rates are the product of structural and demographic influences in the economy.
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    Putting geographic variation in surgical procedures on the map: Geographic variation in coronary artery bypass and hip and knee replacement surgeries in the Maritime provinces
    (Maritime SPOR Support Unit, 2016) Levy, Adrian; McDonald, James Ted; Krause, Juergen; Leonard, Philip; Stock, David; Campbell-McNamara, Sarah; MacSwain, Mary-Ann; Patterson, Michelle; Robinson, Bryn
    MSSU researchers from three Maritime provinces compared the distribution and organization of treatments for total hip and knee arthroplasty and cardiac surgical procedures across different regions of the province;evaluated how patient outcomes vary within and across jurisdictions and as a function of travel times to the hospital; and evaluated how cost and performance measures vary across hospitals offering these services within the province.