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UNB Scholar is an institutional repository initiative of UNB Libraries intended to collect, preserve, showcase, and promote the open access scholarly output of the UNB community. Use UNB Scholar to explore specific collections, or search all content in the repository. Material submitted to the repository will also be freely discoverable online through Google and other major search engines.
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Recent Submissions
An electrochemical investigation of boiler steel corrosion under chloride and sulphate contamination
(University of New Brunswick, 2025-03) Loder, Benjamin Alexander; Cook, William G.
Boiler water contaminant concentration limits are defined by operating guidance and specifications developed from plant operating experience due to a lack of rigorous experimental data at representative conditions. While providing a reasonable degree of protection, the success of these specifications can be variable, where some plants have experienced accelerated corrosion damage while maintaining recommended limits, while others have operated outside the specifications without any observable ill effects. A better understanding of threshold corrosion limits is expected to help identify these differences and formulate better directions for plant chemistry operations.
A high-temperature electrochemical cell, suitable for in-situ corrosion rate measurements up to 350 °C, has been designed and commissioned using a custom-built Zircaloy-4 electrode housing that was pre-oxidized to form a thin ZrO2 layer for electrical isolation. Using this design, threshold corrosion limits for combined Cl- and SO4 2- contamination have been experimentally determined under all-volatile treatment (AVT) and phosphate treatment (PT) chemistry regimes, with a series of experiments completed at both 310 °C (10.3 MPa) and 350 °C (17.2 MPa).
A simple concentration-factor model has been used to estimate the boiler drum concentrations required to achieve the experimentally determined corrosion threshold values within boiler tubes subjected to a typical heat flux profile. Using this approach with the experimental corrosion thresholds, the AVT results show good agreement with current guidance, while the PT results demonstrate a potential need for contaminant specification limits that are dependent upon the actual phosphate concentration in the boiler.
Family, Food, and “Fashionable Watering Holes”: Upper-class Halifax recipes in the long nineteenth century
(University of New Brunswick, 2025-03) Schofer, Claire; Morton, Erin; Kennedy, Sean
This thesis examines a collection of recipes from 1780 to 1902 in the Nova Scotia Archives, tracing the histories of Loyalist matriarchs through the colonial exchange of food in Halifax and the Atlantic World. Halifax's development involved the violent colonization of Mi’kmaq lands and the legacies of transatlantic slavery, linking it to the British metropole, Caribbean sugar colonies, and the West African slave coast. Halifax’s trade with the West Indies, which included goods like coffee, sugar, and rum, shaped Halifax's upper-class society. This thesis focuses on four elite families—the Almon, Wentworth, Miller, and Uniacke families—who used slave-produced ingredients in their recipes. These recipes reveal cultural influences from the transatlantic slave trade and highlight the complex connections between Halifax's culinary practices and its colonial and loyalist histories. Recipes, often overlooked, provide valuable insights into these families' ties to the British Empire.
Student decision making in undergraduate physics laboratories
(University of New Brunswick, 2025-03) Trojand, Daniel; Newling, Benedict
With recent changes made to introductory laboratory curriculum, we set out to determine the success of these changes and consequentially see if students were building the experimental skills and habits we intended to teach in their program. Surveys, laboratory notebook and report coding, and interviews were carried out to see what elements are important to incorporate in laboratory exercises. We found that explicit instruction is required for our students to learn a laboratory skill, skills are not carried forward to the following course unless explicit requirement is included in the subsequent course via instruction, our students need to practice a skills more than once, and the participants of our study do not have a complete mental model of experimental physics after completing their laboratory program.
Design and analysis of electrode components for use in spent CANDU fuel reprocessing
(University of New Brunswick, 2025-03) Stagg, Devon; Cook, William
Electroreduction experiments were conducted to determine the suitability of platinum-iridium (80 wt% Pt; 20 wt% Ir) and graphite anodes for use in Moltex Energy’s Waste to Stable Salt (WATSS) process. To determine their degradation rates, molten CaCl2-CaO (~10 wt% CaO) was electrolyzed on sample electrodes in open and inert atmospheres. It was determined that the degradation rate of Pt-Ir in open and inert atmospheres was similar, while graphite’s degradation rate was inhibited in inert atmospheres. The main degradation mechanism for Pt-Ir and graphite anodes was found to be pitting corrosion and carbonate cycling, respectively. To verify the WATSS electroreduction stage and alloy formation mechanism, CeO2 pellets (acting as a surrogate for used fuel) were reduced in molten CaCl2-CaO (~0.5 wt% CaO). SEM/EDX and Raman analysis confirmed that cerium metal and cerium oxychloride formed on the cathode. Overall, neither anode is recommended for WATSS but the electroreduction stage has been demonstrated.
University graduate retention in New Brunswick: 2022 graduate cohort update
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2025-06) Beykzadeh, Ali; Jones, Bethany; McDonald, Ted; Miah, Pablo
In 2021, the New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training (NB-IRDT) released the first report in a Graduate retention in New Brunswick series. Each year, we use the newest data available to answer a list of research questions, highlighting how results have changed since the last report in the series was released. We ask, for instance:
• How many students graduate from publicly funded universities in NB, and what percentage remain in NB over time?
• How do results differ for students from NB, international students and students from other provinces in Canada?
• Are graduates from certain fields of study more likely to remain in NB than others?
• Which university has the highest graduate retention rates, and why?
This is the fourth update in the series, and it represents the first time that results for college and university graduates are being presented separately – due to differences in data availability timelines. This report updates our most recent work (which incorporated results for students who graduated in 2021) by presenting annual results for students who graduated from universities in NB between 2010 and 2022. Results for college graduates are forthcoming in a separate report.