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UNB Scholar is an institutional repository initiative of UNB Libraries intended to collect, preserve, showcase, and promote the open access scholarly output of the UNB community. Use UNB Scholar to explore specific collections, or search all content in the repository. Material submitted to the repository will also be freely discoverable online through Google and other major search engines.
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Recent Submissions
Data driven mission planning: Airborne Marine Megafauna Survey
(University of New Brunswick, 2023-06) Power, Joshua; Meng, Julian; Drouin, Marc-Antoine; Coady, Yvonne
The Government of Canada uses aerial population surveys to inform decisions relating to conservational and economic policy. These surveys aim to monitor species to estimate the distribution and abundance of marine megafauna, given its impact on policy survey accuracy is important. The primary factor hindering the success of surveys is poor sub-surface visibility, caused by glare. To address this adversity survey coordinators, the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), utilize a detection function to account for areas with sub-optimal visibility by predicting the likelihood of megafauna existing below the surface of interest. The parameters used to tune this function are produced from subjective human input which introduces uncertainty into population estimates. This research presents a means of accurately classifying glare intensity to inform detection function parameters reliably. Additionally, this research presents a glare prediction model, to mitigate glare before it occurs, a phenomenon long viewed as an occupational hazard.
The cultural safety of publicly available maternity services to Indigenous women in New Brunswick
(University of New Brunswick, 2023-05) Powell, Erika A.; Hickey, Jason
Pregnant Indigenous women in Canada suffer from a lack of access to culturally safe prenatal care but minimal research has been done on this topic locally. This thesis sought to explore the experiences and perspectives of Indigenous women and Knowledge Holders in New Brunswick, relative to the cultural safety of publicly available prenatal care. Eight Indigenous mothers and three Knowledge Holders were engaged in research conversations, a community engagement session, and/or a sharing circle. Collaborative thematic analysis resulted in three overarching themes, including 1) Relationality 2) Health Systems and 3) Indigenous Ways of Knowing. Indigenous women and Knowledge Holders have significant experience, considerable knowledge, and valuable insight regarding the cultural safety and future of maternity care in New Brunswick. Their perspectives informed the development of 10 recommendations that we (the research team) hope will lead to improvements in cultural safety for maternity care and support development of community-led programming.
Waking Chloris: Early modern Chloris texts, 1660-1720
(University of New Brunswick, 2023-04) Peacock, Kathleen; Snook, Edith
Originally tied to the tale of a nymph-turned-goddess in Ovid’s Fasti, the name Chloris appears in dozens of early modern texts, from anonymously penned broadside ballads to poetry composed by a courtier to The Amorous Prince: Or, the Curious Husband, one of the first female-authored plays to grace the English stage. Although these works often invoke the pastoral, they depict no singular Chloris: she is an ideal against whom other women are judged; an object of lust that scorns and effeminizes men; an unhappily married woman; a virgin who dreams of masculine identities; and a woman driven to cross-dress after being tricked out of her virtue. Placing a selection of ephemeral texts and canonical works in dialogue with each other, Waking Chloris considers representations of gender roles, female desire, and sexuality across class structures and social positions, illustrating the possibilities of intertextual readings that span both high and low culture.
Bipolar electrochemistry for the synthesis of functionalized carbon-polypyrrole supercapacitor electrodes
(University of New Brunswick, 2023-04) Patterson, Nigel; Ignaszak, Anna
Supercapacitors belong to the family of electrical energy storage systems alongside batteries and fuel cells. Their unique feature is having both high power and energy density making them suitable options where fast charging and long-lasting power are desired. Supercapacitance comes in two flavours, electric double layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudocapacitance (PC). This thesis combines both in a single electrode using carbon EDLC base and polypyrrole PC coating. Various methods to bind the two using bipolar electrochemistry are the major focal points of this thesis.
Bipolar electrochemistry is a wireless electrochemical setup that is green, scalable, and easily produces asymmetric/gradient products. The first project functionalizes carbon electrodes through diazonium salt reduction to electrochemically graft a linker group. Polypyrrole then binds to this linker in a copolymer-like fashion. Results showed that aqueous conditions produced a better product than non-aqueous conditions at 200 mF cm−2 compared to 11 mF cm−2.
The second project incorporates metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as the binding agent. This class of materials has some of the largest surface area densities ever measured. Filling this space with polypyrrole transforms the MOF from an electrical insulator to a conductor. Plain powder forms of three different MOFs synthesized using the solvothermal method were used to test the proof of concept. The results showed specific capacitances ranging from 300 to 600 mF cm−2.
From this the MOF synthesis was adapted to use bipolar electrochemistry for direct electroplating. Once again carbon featured as the base while Cu MOF was deposited by the anodic dissolution method. The MOF layers were fragile and prone to detachment, but thermal oxidation of pyrrole in air was found to leave the MOFs intact. Loading solutions with higher pyrrole content resulted in greater improvements to the supercapacitance, up to 28 mF cm−2.
Effect of elevated temperature on the bond strength of wood block shear specimens
(University of New Brunswick, 2022-09) Qi, Jianan; Gong, Meng
This report examined the effect of elevated temperature on the shear strength of wood block shear specimens bonded using two types of adhesives. The adhesives used were phenol formaldehyde (PF) and polyurethane (PUR). Each type had two recipes, SPF and CPF for surface and core layers of oriented strand boards, and 1-component (1-PUR) and 2- component (2-PUR) for PUR. The species of wood used was sugar maple (Acer saccharinum) of an average air-dry density of 0.739g/cm3. Four groups of block shear specimens were made, and four temperature levels were employed, 20°C, 80°C, 150°C, and 200°C. Each group had 11 replicates, generating a total of 176 specimens tested. It was found that (1) The shear strength of all PF specimens linearly decreased as the temperature increased from 20°C to 200°C, with CPF decreasing by 51.4%, and SPF decreasing by 65.9%. There was also a decline in the shear strength of PURs specimens in a non-linear way as the temperature increased from 20°C to 200°C. The most significant decrease in shear strength was observed to be 89.6% and 53.7% for 1-PUR and for 2-PUR, respectively. (2) In the block shear tests, the highest peak loads differed among groups with 13,879 N for 1-PUR, 29,588 N for 2-PUR, 30,011 N for CPF, and 27,103 N for SPF. (3) In 200°C, 1-PUR and 2-PUR had higher coefficients of variation of more than 50%, 58% and 53% for 1-PUR and 2-PUR, respectively. At 200°C, the stability of PF adhesive was higher than that of PUR. 2-PUR performed much better than 1-PUR at all levels of temperature used. (4) CPF and SPF did not show remarkable difference in bond strength, which was because the Tg of PF was about 200°C, being higher than that used in this study. (5) The shear strength of groups 1-PUR and 2-PUR did not have a significant difference when the temperature being 150°C and over since PUR had a Tg of around 80°C. (6) In the block shear test, the percentages of wood failure at maximum load were 58.72%, 35.70%, and 47.92% for groups 2-PUR, CPF and SPF, respectively. The group SPF recorded the highest wood failure percentage of 61.40% at 80°C. (7) The percentages of wood failure of group 2-PUR were 58.72%, 53.26%, 37.54%, and 25.58% at the temperatures of 20°C, 80°C, 150°C, and to 200°C, respectively. The percentage of wood failure decreased as the temperature increased. It could be recommended to conduct the tests at a temperature of higher than 200°C for PF-bonded specimens and a temperature of 100°C, 120°C, and 180°C for PUR-bonded specimens with an aim to gather more first-hand information about how the elevated temperature impacts the block shear strength.
Key words: adhesive, elevated temperature, block shear test, shear strength, percentage wood failure