Browsing by Author "Radmanesh, Mitra"
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Item Bioactivity enhancement of titanium by laser micro/nano surface texturing(University of New Brunswick, 2016) Radmanesh, Mitra; Kiani, AmirkianooshThe main objective of this thesis is to introduce laser treatment for enhancing the surface bioactivity of titanium for bone and tissue implant fabrication. Improvement to the implant performance could immensely benefit the human patient. Bioactivity enhancement of materials is currently an essential challenge in implant engineering. Micro/nano laser surface texturing of materials offers a simple, accurate method to increase the biocompatibility of materials in one single step. In this thesis, the effects of laser power, scanning parameters, and frequency on surface structure and topographic properties are studied. Through bioactivity assessment of treated titanium substrates, it was found that an increase in power and frequency increases the bioactivity of titanium, while a decrease in scanning speed of the laser could lead to an increase in the cell adhesion ability of titanium. Furthermore, cell adhesion proved to be strongest in areas with higher surface irregularities and titanium oxide concentrations.Item Mouse embryonic fibroblasts accumulate differentially on titanium surfaces treated with nanosecond laser pulses(AVS: Science & Technology of Materials, Interfaces, and Processing, 2016) Radmanesh, Mitra; Ektasabi, Amin M.; Wyatt, Rachael A.; Crawford, Bryan D.; Kiani, AmirkianooshBiomaterial engineering, specifically in bone implant and osseointegration, is currently facing a critical challenge regarding the response of cells to foreign objects and general biocompatibility of the materials used in the production of these implants. Using the developing technology of the laser surface treatment, this study investigates the effects of the laser repetition rate (frequency) on cell distribution across the surface of the titanium substrates. The main objective of this research is building a fundamental understanding of how cells interact with treated titanium and how different treatments affect cell accumulation. Cells respond differently to surfaces treated with different frequency lasers. The results of this research identify the influence of frequency on surface topography properties and oxidation of titanium, and their subsequent effects on the pattern of cell accumulation on its surface. Despite increased oxidation in laser-treated regions, the authors observe that fibroblast cells prefer untreated titanium to laser-treated regions, except the regions treated with 25 kHz pulses, which become preferentially colonized after 72 h.Item Retrofit of the William L. Barrett Water Treatment Plant to reduce operating costs(University of New Brunswick, 2014) Alharbi, Abdulrahman; Radmanesh, Mitra; Shreenan, Scott; Sim, Bonnie