Browsing by Author "Curry, Allen"
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Item A proposed solution to better stream management in Newfoundland, Canada(University of New Brunswick, 2001) Pilgrim, Travis; Curry, AllenItem Assessing the outcomes of stocking of hatchery juveniles in the presence of wild Atlantic salmon(University of New Brunswick, 2017) Wallace, Ben; Curry, AllenStocking of hatchery-reared, juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) is a common enhancement and recovery strategy across jurisdictions, yet its impact remains uncertain. We investigated the potential effectiveness of stocking in the Miramichi River system where approximately 150,000 first-feeding fry are stocked annually in reaches where wild juveniles are present. Local site and landscape level characteristics were used to fit predictive models for wild parr densities measured as Percent Habitat Saturation (PHS) using Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR). The observed PHS of stocked sites was found to be significantly lower than predicted, suggesting stocking has not been effective in increasing the PHS in the studied stocked sites. The results suggest that habitat and other density dependent effects likely limit productive capacity in this system, and consequently, may limit the effectiveness of stocking in other systems with natural production.Item Critical analysis of the Effects Monitoring Program at Morgan Falls hydroelectric facility(University of New Brunswick, 1998) Kennedy III, Joseph P.; Curry, AllenItem Evaluating fish passage through retrofitted culverts using radio frequency identification (RFID)(University of New Brunswick, 2017) Gautreau, Mark Daniel; Curry, Allen; Peake, StephanThe improper design, installation, or maintenance of culverts has the potential to create barriers in aquatic systems, which in turn may lead to fish population declines. Culverts identified as having fish passage issues, e.g., perched or sized incorrectly, are often retrofitted with fish passage structures, i.e., fish ladder or chute, as a cheaper alternative to replacement. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of culvert retrofit designs for fish passage commonly used in New Brunswick. Ten culvert sites across New Brunswick, 7 of which were retrofitted with pool and weir fish ladders and 3 with chutes, were chosen for this study. Each site was outfitted with radio frequency identification (RFID) reader and antennae, which were situated to assess entrance and passage of fish through the fishway and culvert. Fish that were electrofished downstream of the fishways were surgically implanted with 23 mm passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags, then released approximately 100m downstream. During this study, 965 fish were tagged: 10 sites and 6 species. The RFID detection efficiency across sites averaged 57% (range = 25-76%). The fish passage was measured among three structures: the entrances to the fish passage structure, the chutes or pool and weir passage structures, and the culverts. Except for extremely low water conditions, the entrances to the fish passage structures were generally submerged, resulting in high entrance efficiencies, i.e., the proportion of fish that moved into the site and entered the fishway. Passage efficiencies, i.e., proportion of fish that entered the fishway or culvert and successfully passed through, for the pool and weir fish ladders and chutes ranged from 75-100%. The culvert efficiencies were 61-98%, across sites and species. Few differences in physical conditions, i.e., temperature and discharge, or among species sizes were observed between successful and unsuccessful attempts to pass structures and culverts. Often, too few fish passed for complete analyses. Velocities through the weirs and culverts during attempts were within the reported swimming abilities of each species. Overall, the structures passed fish as intended; however, several issues were apparent and often the most important barrier issue was the accumulation of debris in the weir or chute notches and water levels. Fish were not detected passing through the site when debris blocked the weirs or chutes. Likewise, no passage was detected at some sites during periods of very low discharges.Item Impacts of beavers (Castor canadensis) on brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)(University of New Brunswick, 2003) Reardon, Blair; Curry, AllenItem Influence of agriculture on the variation of substrate particle size found in redds of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)(University of New Brunswick, 1998) Platts, Jonathan D.M.; Curry, AllenItem Mactaquac Aquatic Ecosystem Study Report Series 2016-026, Understanding the Striped Bass of the Saint John River: Towards Future Successful Reproduction(2016) Andrews, Sam; Curry, Allen; Linnansaari, Tommi; Archibald, AdamItem Mactaquac Aquatic Ecosystem Study Report Series 2016-053, ASSESSMENT OF AMERICAN EEL OCCURENCES IN THE SAINT JOHN RIVER BASIN UPSTREAM OF MACTAQUAC, NEW BRUNSWICK(2017) Ellis, Theoren; Yamazaki, Gordon; Linnansaari, Tommi; Gautreau, Mark; Curry, AllenItem Mactaquac Aquatic Ecosystem Study Report Series 2019 - 074, METHODS PAPER: Sampling the Fish Community of the Saint John River downstream of the Mactaquac Generating Station – 2018(2019) Dolson-Edge, Rebecca; Tarr, Caitlin; Gautreau, Mark; Curry, AllenItem Mactaquac Aquatic Ecosystem Study Report Series 2019-072, METHODS PAPER: River Transect Sampling of Physical Attributes Downstream of the Mactaquac Generating Station, 2018 Sampling Season(2019) Tarr, Caitlin; Dolson-Edge, Rebecca; Gautreau, Mark; Curry, AllenItem Mactaquac Aquatic Ecosystem Study Report Series 2019-073, METHODS PAPER: Sampling Physical Limnology in the Mactaquac Headpond(2019) Hirtle, Sarah, V.; Dolson-Edge, Rebecca; Tarr, Caitlin; Nguyen, Huy; Curry, AllenItem Mactaquac Aquatic Ecosystem Study Report Series 2019–076, METHODS PAPER: Sampling the Fish Community of the Saint John River downstream of the Mactaquac Generating Station – Phase II(2019) Dolson-Edge, Rebecca; Tarr, Caitlin; Gautreau, Mark; Curry, AllenItem Mactaquac Aquatic Ecosystem Study Report Series 2020-07, METHODS REPORT: Adaptive Resolution Imaging Sonar (ARIS) for investigating fish behaviour in the vicinity of fishway entrances at the Mactaquac Generating Station in 2018 and 2019(2020) Harrison, Philip; Jeffries, Zane; Tarr, Caitlin; Yamazaki, Gord; Curry, AllenItem Remote sensing framework reveals riverscape connectivity fragmentation and fish passability in a forested landscape(University of New Brunswick, 2020) Arsenault, Michael Joseph; Curry, Allen; Linnansaari, TommiFragmentation of stream networks by anthropogenic structures such as road culverts can affect the health of a catchment by negatively affecting the ecosystem's biota, their movements, abundances, and species richness. The challenge for resource managers is the prohibitive costs of locating, evaluating, and remediating problem structures at landscape-scales. There is a need for a framework to perform a desktop, landscape-scale evaluation and prioritization process using existing data that allows managers to make cost and ecologically effective decisions. I present a framework using publicly available LiDAR and orthophotography to locate and identify road crossings and evaluate fragmentation and passability for various fish species at the landscape-scale. My approach provides a valuable and cost-effective means of identifying potential stream crossing issues for multiple management objectives, e.g., fish passage, and thus the approach is an important step in the development of prioritization tools for restoration decisions by resource managers.Item Restoration potential for reproduction by Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) in the Saint John River, New Brunswick(University of New Brunswick, 2019) Andrews, Samuel Nelson; Curry, Allen; Linnansaari, TommiIn 2012 the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) listed the Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) of the Saint John River, New Brunswick, as endangered as part of the Bay of Fundy designatable unit. This listing was due to an apparent rapid collapse and subsequent absence of presumed native origin Striped Bass, juvenile recruitment, and spawning by the species following the completion of the large Mactaquac Dam in 1968. Expert reports hypothesized that alteration in the river flow and temperature regime imposed upon the Saint John River downstream from the Mactaquac Dam were responsible for the disappearance, however, no recovery efforts or exploratory studies were conducted, and the native Striped Bass population was deemed extinct. This dissertation explored the collapse of the Saint John River Striped Bass starting with a complete historic perspective of the species in the Saint John River and concluded with a possible means to recover the population that was once believed to be lost. Within the chapters of this thesis I first summarize the history of Striped Bass in the Saint John River and explore why the current understanding of the species status needs to be updated. I locate and sample juvenile Striped Bass within the Saint John River for the first time since 1979, prove their native ancestry, and monitor their year class success. Native adult Striped Bass matching juvenile ancestry are tagged and tracked to determine the timing and location of their upstream spawning migration and the migrations of non-native adult Striped Bass within the Saint John River are also explored. I summarize information on Striped Bass winter ecology in Canada, then locate and describe four key winter habitats used by Striped Bass in the Saint John River. Finally, I draw a possible connection between the regulated discharges at the Mactaquac Generating Station to the success of Striped Bass juvenile recruitment observed in the Saint John River over six consecutive years of sampling. My general conclusion is that spawning by native Striped Bass in the Saint John River downstream of the Mactaquac Dam has been severely impacted, though not eliminated, by the regulated discharges resulting for power production. These discharge regimes have resulted in infrequently successful year classes, poor recruitment and possible spawning failures; however, spawning by surviving native origin Striped Bass may be recovered through the management of spring discharges. Managing for extended periods of moderate, sustained flow of sufficient volume and duration to keep Striped Bass eggs in suspension during the incubation period may restore successful Striped Bass spawning and juvenile recruitment in the Saint John River, New Brunswick.Item Spatiotemporal variation of plankton communities induced by hydropower dams: a case study in the Mactaquac reservoir and Saint John River, New Brunswick, Canada(University of New Brunswick, 2017) Nguyen, Huy, Quang; Curry, AllenItem The effects of forest harvesting activities on suspended sediment loading in three streams in the Catamaran Brook watershed, New Brunswick, one year post harvest(University of New Brunswick, 1998) Patrick, Kevin Karl; Curry, AllenItem The effects of forrest harvesting on groundwater flux in three general tributaries to the Little Southwest Miramichi River, New Brunswick(University of New Brunswick, 1998) Reece, Stephen D.; Curry, AllenItem The information insects leave behind: spatial and temporal variation of benthic assemblages using novel non-invasive methods(University of New Brunswick, 2018) O’Malley, Zoe, Gabrielle; Monk, Wendy; Curry, AllenRare and elusive benthic macroinvertebrate (BMI) taxa are difficult to detect and sampling methods often require preserving live specimens, a concern for monitoring species-at-risk. Here, we aim to understand spatial and temporal variation in BMI communities within a complex, understudied river-wetland system using exuviae (shed exoskeletons), environmental DNA (eDNA) water samples and bulk-sequenced benthic samples. Samples were collected across wetland, tributary, and mainstem habitats within the lower Saint John River and Grand Lake Meadows, New Brunswick. Using exuviae, we demonstrate that terrestrial factors (e.g. riparian vegetation community) affect emergent dragonfly community composition more than aquatic factors (e.g. water temperature). Further, BMI communities identified via eDNA water samples did not differ from bulk-sequenced benthic communities, except during higher flow conditions in larger systems. Using non-invasive methods to capture biodiversity allowed us to explore ecological linkages, crossing boundaries between life stages and ecotones, to elucidate mechanisms between spatial and temporal drivers of BMI communities in a complex river-wetland system.Item The relationships of land use and lake water chemistry with fish community structures of 18 lakes in southern New Brunswick(University of New Brunswick, 1999) Phillips, James A.; Curry, Allen