Muriel McQueen Fergusson Centre Works

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Brief on Bill C-78: An Act to amend the Divorce Act, The Family Orders and Agreements Enforcement Assistance Act and the Garnishment, Attachment and Pension Diversion Act and to make consequential amendments to other Acts
(2019) Neilson, Linda, C.
Collaborative Design of a Research Informed, Coordinated Provincial / Queen’s Bench Family Violence Court Model
(Muriel McQueen Fergusson Centre for Family Violence Research, 2022) Neilson, Linda, C.; Boucher, Joanne; Robichaud, Brigitte; Dugas-Horsman, Anne
The Collaborative Design of a Research-Informed, Coordinated Provincial / Queen’s Bench Family Violence Court Model project was a collaborative academic, judicial and New Brunswick government project designed to document, assess and improve the sharing of information about risk and danger (adult and child) and to improve the sharing and consistency of agreements and orders across legal systems in family violence cases. The ultimate goal was to design and pilot a coordinated court model to ensure due process while managing safe, research and evidence-informed information exchanges in family violence cases across the criminal, civil-intimate-partner protection, family-law and child-protection legal systems. The anticipated outcomes were enhancement of adult and child safety, reduction of duplication of information and evidence, and improved coordination of court orders and agreements. As a result of Covid - 19 and repetitive public health lockdowns throughout the whole of the project, particularly in Moncton, we were able to meet some but not all of our objectives. We were able to collect and assess court file data from multiple court systems and connect the court data from multiple systems to those accused of domestic violence crimes. We were also able to collect and document focus group data. We presented our data to the judiciary, the project’s advisory committee, directors of child protection services, and to pertinent professionals and service providers in the Moncton region. We will be able to propose the model and identify obstacles requiring a response in order to implement the model. We will also propose potential solutions.
Conception collaborative d’un modèle de tribunal de la violence familiale provincial/Cour du Banc du Roi coordonné et fondé sur la recherche
(Muriel McQueen Fergusson Centre for Family Violence Research, 2022-07-01) Neilson, Linda C.; Boucher, Joanne; Robichaud, Brigitte; Dugas-Horsman, Anne
Le projet Conception collaborative d’un modèle de tribunal de la violence familiale provincial/Cour du Banc de la Reine coordonné et fondé sur la recherche, qui est le fruit d’une collaboration universitaire, juridique et gouvernementale (Nouveau-Brunswick), vise à documenter, évaluer et améliorer le partage d’information sur les risques et les dangers (pour les adultes et les enfants) ainsi qu’à améliorer le partage et la cohérence des ententes et des ordonnances dans l’ensemble des systèmes judiciaires, relativement aux affaires liées à la violence familiale. L’objectif était de concevoir un modèle de tribunal coordonné afin de garantir une procédure régulière tout en gérant des échanges d’informations sûrs et fondés sur la recherche et sur des preuves relativement aux affaires de violence familiale pour la protection des partenaires intimes, le droit de la famille et la protection de l’enfance, tant au pénal qu’au civil; il s’agissait également de mener un projet pilote pour le modèle de tribunal coordonné. Les résultats attendus étaient les suivants : amélioration de la sécurité des adultes et des enfants, réduction du dédoublement des informations et des preuves et meilleure coordination des ordonnances et des accords des tribunaux. En raison de la Covid-19 et des confinements qui ont eu lieu pendant le projet, particulièrement à Moncton, nous n’avons pas réalisé tous nos objectifs. Nous avons pu recueillir et évaluer les données de dossiers provenant de différents tribunaux ainsi que relier ces données aux personnes accusées de crimes en matière de violence familiale. Nous avons également pu recueillir et documenter les données de groupes de discussion. Nous avons présenté nos données à la magistrature, au comité consultatif du projet, aux directeurs des services de protection de l’enfance ainsi qu’aux professionnels et fournisseurs de services concernés de la région de Moncton. Nous serons en mesure de proposer le modèle ainsi que de déterminer les obstacles nécessitant une intervention pour pouvoir mettre en œuvre le modèle. Nous proposerons également des solutions potentielles.
Gendered practices in specialized domestic violence courts: A study of facilitators' perspectives on intimate partner violence treatment programs in Canada
(University of New Brunswick, 2021-12) Aspinall, Mary; Gill, Carmen
The severity and societal issue of intimate partner violence (IPV) has been recognized through the increased use of pro-arrest and mandatory charge policies, development of specialized domestic violence courts (DVCs), and utilization of community-based IPV treatment programs to provide interventions to offenders. However, as a result, women continue to be arrested due to incident-specific approaches from law enforcement personnel that fail to account for the context of the situation or consider gender-specific issues that contribute to the use of violence. This symmetrical approach to responding to IPV persists at the judicial level with women also referred to IPV treatment programs that were originally designed for use with male perpetrators. Research has been conducted on the appropriate content required for female IPV offenders; however, there are not yet any national comparisons of male and female IPV treatment programs associated with specialized DVCs to assess if they consider the results of gender-specific research or uphold the neutral approach of the criminal justice system. Based in intersectionality and feminist perspectives of IPV that suggest women’s violence is uniquely different to that of men, this study assesses the utility and content of IPV treatment programs across Canada. A mixed methodological approach consisting of 22 online surveys and 10 telephone interviews was undertaken with IPV treatment program facilitators to compile information on the format and content of their programs as well as their personal opinions on overall effectiveness. Results identify that IPV treatment programs in Canada maintain an objective, gender-neutral approach synonymous with the criminal justice system. However, facilitators also recognize the pervasiveness of gendered differences in the perpetration of IPV, resulting in a necessity to reconsider current practices in the response to IPV.
Parental alienation: Intimate partner violence by proxy
(University of New Brunswick, 2023-12) Ashe, Carly; Gill, Carmen
This thesis examines interviews with nine women to explore how women experience and are impacted by parental alienation as a tactic of coercive control. Thematic analysis using NVIVO-14 software was used to identify recuring themes related to the three research questions that guide this study: how mother-child relationships are impacts by parental alienation; what resources mothers use in help-seeking; and do they experience barriers and obstacles to meaningful support in their help-seeking. Through understanding victims’ experiential perceptions of parental alienation, the key purpose of this study was aimed at better understanding how mothers victimized by parental alienation can be better supported in the future by legal professionals. Greater recognition of the pattern of coercive control, in which parental alienation occurs, was found to be needed by intervening professionals, along with further consideration towards preventative measures and more trauma-informed approaches.
Resistance on the rock: sex workers in NL “talk back”
(University of New Brunswick, 2020) Winters, Laura; Doran, Christopher John; MacDonald, Gayle
This dissertation has found that the ways in which sex workers in St. John's, Newfoundland resist stigma, by “talking back” to power, challenges conventional sociological understandings of the concepts of stigma and stigma management. Rather than problematizing the negative outcomes of stigma for individuals, as in the majority of stigma research, the current research problematizes stigma as a sociological concept in and of itself. In doing so, it addresses shortcomings in traditional sociological theorizing, including Goffman's (1963) inattention to structural stigma; and the inadequacy of his concept of stigma management as a means of understanding the stigmatized person's agency. The focus on how sex workers' “talk back” to power revealed their critical analyses of structural stigma, as well as the agentive resistance inherent in their everyday talk. Providing a conceptualization of resistance via individuals' talk also furthers sex work research; as it has hitherto understood ‘resistance’ in terms of community/collective advocacy primarily. Reliance on Miller's (2000, 2003) unique form of discourse analysis facilitates analysis of interviews for the politicality inherent therein, offering a variety of ways to rethink how stigma is resisted in the everyday talk of the marginalized. Further explorations of resistance are then presented in the form of three distinct publications. This format results in a multi-pronged approach that explores sex worker resistance to religion/community (Publication One), to policy makers and theorists of certain persuasions (Publication Two) and to the social nature of law (~Publication Three), respectively. Whereas the first publication is mainly empirical, the other two publications explore theoretical ways that sociologists might go beyond Goffmanian understandings of stigma. Thus, Fraser's (2003) misrecognition is discussed as a framework that seeks to integrate interpersonal and structural stigma, while Thrift's (1997, 2004, 2008) non-representational theory is suggested for possible use in future research, especially research at the micro-level of embodied action. Traditional stigma research positions sex workers as research subjects; progressive approaches such as van der Meulen's (2011) Community Action Research views sex workers as co-researchers in advocacy research. However, the current research adapts those ideas and extends the idea of resistance, and advocacy in research, to sex workers “talking back” at the interactional level. Simultaneously, this analysis hopes to more accurately reflect both understandings of, and resistance to, stigma for people who do sex work in St. John's. As a result, sex workers are now to be seen as active agents capable of informing and re-thinking the sociological concepts and theories that have traditionally been used to research them and their lives.
Self-perceived mental health and its gendered and immigration associations
(2018) Aspinall, Mary; Gupta, Neeru
Background: Many research designs have analyzed various socioeconomic factors that influence a person’s physical health, such as diabetes. Whether or not these same factors are associated with a person’s mental health have received less attention. Some studies indicate that gender disparities and the migration process may be associated with differential mental health outcomes. Objective: This research examines the relationship between gender, immigrant status, and self-perceived mental health (SPMH) in the Canadian population aged 18 and over. Method: The analysis draws on the latest available Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) public use microdata file, which captured information from a nationally representative sample of 58,574 adults. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore interactions of gender and immigrant status on SPMH, controlling for a range of socioeconomic variables including education and income. Survey weights were applied to allow for generalization of the results to the Canadian population. Results: The relationships between gender, immigrant status, and SPMH were significant, with females more likely to report good SPMH than men (odds ratio=1.16, p<0.05), and immigrants more likely to report good SPMH than non-immigrants (odds ratio=1.05). Discussion: Results indicate that the “healthy immigrant effect” often reported for diabetes and other physical health measures may also be protective for mental health. Women are more likely to rate their mental health as good. However, our examination did not account for clinical diagnosis of mental illness. More research is needed to inform evidence-based policy and practice guidelines in addressing potential gendered and immigration differences in both measured and perceived mental health.
The complexities of structure and agency :: social networks among Canadian immigrant women
(University of New Brunswick, 2013) Holtmann, Catherine; Nason-Clark, Nancy
This is a mixed methods study of ethno-religious immigrant women and their social networks during the early years of the settlement process. Immigrant women’s social networks are the locus of the interplay between structure and agency. The study uses a feminist intersectional framework to explore how immigrant women make strategic choices in the face of pressures from multiple structures. Statistical analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Immigrants to Canada shows that ethno-religious diversity as well as differences in main activities lead to variability in women’s mental health trajectories throughout the settlement process. The results of growth modeling indicate that Muslim immigrant women struggle to create the social capital necessary for overcoming structural barriers. The qualitative portion of the study is a comparison of Muslim and Christian women who settled in the Maritimes in the past decade. Eighty-nine immigrant women from twenty-seven countries took part in focus group discussions and individual interviews. Twenty-two service providers from community organizations were also interviewed. Analysis of the qualitative data focused on the impact of ethnic origins, as well as the particular stage in the settlement process, on immigrant women’s social networks. The qualitative findings provide a rich description of the resiliency and vulnerability of ethno-religious minority women. Settlement agencies, universities and Christian evangelical churches play key roles in the women’s creation of social capital in the early months and years. Christian immigrant women benefit from established institutional infrastructures in the region but there are differences in support according to ethnicity and denomination. Muslim women’s social networks are still in the early phase of formalization and one of the challenges they face is a wide range of ethno-religious diversity. The settlement experience offers religious immigrant women opportunities to learn that the interlocking structures of gender, ethnicity and class are movable and that together they can forge pathways in a new society through participation in social networks.
The social construction of masculinity and intimate partner violence: Understanding men’s perspectives
(University of New Brunswick, 2023-11) Meng, Alison Marie; Holtmann, Catherine
This thesis investigates the impact of social constructions of masculinity on men's use of intimate partner violence (IPV), addressing two questions: (1) How do social constructions of masculinity and gender influence men’s use of IPV? and (2) Based on their exposure to patterns of gender interaction, how do men learn and internalize processes that inhibit or encourage using IPV? Using Connell's (Connell & Messerschmidt, 2005), theory of hegemonic masculinity, this study analyzes the Canadian White Ribbon Campaign's "Boys Don't Cry" video through content analysis and employs it as a visual method for qualitative interviews with 16 men aged 19 to 25. Findings reveal some men make conscious choices not to use violence despite social pressures and learn through sensitizing experiences and gendered interactions with men and women that using violence leads to negative consequences. This study allowed for participants to gain more awareness about their conceptualizations of masculinity and IPV.

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Browsing Muriel McQueen Fergusson Centre Works by Subject "Sociology"

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