A multi-mode control algorithm for vehicle to everything (V2X) considering peak demand, emissions, and outages
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Date
2025-12
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University of New Brunswick
Abstract
Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology enables electric vehicles (EVs) to act as flexible energy resources, reducing energy costs and outage impacts for users while supporting grid operators in lowering peak demand and greenhouse gas emissions. This thesis proposes a multi-mode EV control algorithm that separates operational objectives into three modes: default operation, demand response (DR), and outage management. The default mode employs a model predictive control (MPC) framework to minimize energy cost, peak load, and emissions, outperforming a fixed rule-based baseline by 16.34%, 41.31%, and 9.42%, respectively. The DR mode enables contracted peak load reduction, demonstrating a 5-kW hourly dispatch. The outage management mode applies load prioritization to eliminate outage time and provides 10.86 kW of flexible load using excess solar generation. Simulations use representative New Brunswick residential data with 40 kWh EVs and 10 kW solar systems, demonstrating improved grid resilience and sustainability.