Genetic variation in adventitious rooting, seed germination, and berry phenolic content of black elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) in New Brunswick
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Date
2025-01
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University of New Brunswick
Abstract
Black elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), a North American shrub valued for its ecological and medicinal properties, remains underexplored compared to its European counterpart, Sambucus nigra. This study investigates genetic variation in seed germination, adventitious rooting, and phenolic content (chlorogenic acid and rutin) among wild S. canadensis populations in New Brunswick, Canada. Ten populations from diverse biogeographic zones were sampled. Germination success varied significantly (59%–78%), with coastal populations germinating faster. Phenolic concentrations ranged widely (chlorogenic acid: 487–1825 ng; rutin: 884–2404 ng), showing strong correlation (β = 0.735, p < 0.001). Root development showed limited site variability and no correlation with plant size. Results highlight substantial genetic and phenotypic diversity, underscoring the species’ potential for ecological restoration, sustainable agriculture, and bioactive compound production. This research informs population selection for adaptability and enhanced bioactive compound production.