Evaluations of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: A scan of Canadian evidence

Abstract

In Canada, Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that is recognised as a first-line treatment for treatment-resistant depression – a form of depression in which standard treatments, such as antidepressants and counselling, have not been successful.

Since its approval in 2002, rTMS has increasingly moved from research settings into routine clinical practice, supported by growing evidence of its safety and effectiveness.

This jurisdictional scan was conducted to examine how rTMS is implemented across Canadian provinces. It captures information on service delivery, including who provides the services, governance and oversight structures, funding models, eligibility criteria, and other elements relevant to programme design and implementation.