New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training Publications

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https://unbscholar.lib.unb.ca/handle/1882/37731

The collection of research from the New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training (NB-IRDT) spans diverse topics crucial to public policy, health, education, and social wellbeing in New Brunswick. Research topics include healthcare utilization outcomes, immigrant retention, teacher recruitment, socioeconomic determinants of health, environmental impacts on public health, among many others, providing a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the prosperity and health of New Brunswick communities.

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A profile of employment across industries in New Brunswick: 1996-2019
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2020) Boco, Eton; Leonard, Philip; McDonald, Ted
This report examines employment and industry changes in New Brunswick (NB) over a 20-year period (1996 to 2016) using data from the Canadian Census. It also examines changes over a ten-year period (2009 to 2019) using data from the Labour Force Survey. Results are stratified by CMA/CA1 and by industry using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Academic, health and healthcare utilization outcomes in New Brunswick grade school students prescribed long-acting stimulants for the management of ADHD: An administrative data study
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2024-04-01) Folkins, Chris; McDonald, Ted
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, also known as ADHD, is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that interferes with individual functioning or development and is often characterized by an ongoing pattern of three particular symptoms: inactivity, hyperactivity and impulsivity. ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder among children and youth. Research shows that school-aged children and youth are being diagnosed with ADHD with increasing frequency, and with this rise in diagnoses comes an increase in prescription medications used to treat the symptoms of this disorder. To help alleviate symptoms, many families turn to long-acting stimulants as a prescribed treatment method. Unlike short-acting stimulants, which typically start working within 30-45 minutes and wear off in 3-6 hours, long-acting stimulants are designed to work in phases, through an extended release into the bloodstream throughout the day. Long-acting stimulants have been the topic of extensive research, and studies show they improve core symptoms of ADHD – such as inattention and hyperactivity – making them the gold standard for medical treatment of ADHD. However, their ability to improve functional outcomes associated with ADHD – such as reduced academic achievement or increased risk of injury – is less well understood. Children and youth with ADHD face challenges that could inhibit their ability to excel academically or make them more likely to be hospitalized. To help measure the impacts of ADHD and of treatment with long-acting stimulants, this study uses linked administrative data records to examine academic, health and healthcare utilization outcomes in New Brunswick grade school students (Kindergarten through Grade 12) with ADHD. It compares outcomes between students with ADHD who are being treated with long-acting stimulants, students with ADHD who are not being treated and students without ADHD.
Analysis of unmatched immigrants in the BizNet Database
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2020) Leonard, Philip; McDonald, Ted; Miah, Pablo
New Brunswick has been facing the problem of an aging and shrinking population for some time now, and both factors are likely to affect the economy and workforce of the province. To implement measures for proactive population growth and for increasing the size of the labour force, the Government of New Brunswick (GNB) has identified immigration as a key strategy – and while NB has seen a growing number of immigrant arrivals, the retention of landed immigrants must be a primary objective. Identifying trends in immigrant retention, and factors influencing retention, can help decision makers understand how well current policies work and – if required – make necessary changes.
Apprenticeship programs in the Atlantic provinces: Program characteristics, apprentice mobility and earnings
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2017) Emery, Herb; McDonald, Ted; Balcom, Andrew
This report presents descriptive statistics on various dimensions of apprenticeship training in the Atlantic provinces. The report is based on statistics generated by Statistics Canada from a complex individual-level longitudinal dataset linking data from multiple sources including the Registered Apprenticeship Information System, T1 tax files and T4 statements of earnings over the period 2008-2013 inclusive. The longitudinal nature of the data allow mobility to be evaluated, including comparisons of province of study, province of residence and province of work before, during and after apprenticeship training. The report considers three dimensions of apprenticeships: characteristics of participants including demographic characteristics, field of study, and status in the program; mobility of apprentices, comparing province of study with province of employment and province of residence while enrolled and after the program is either completed or discontinued; and earnings of those in the program and those who completed or discontinued the program, with a focus on differences in earnings for movers compared to non-movers. For all three dimensions, results are compared across individuals enrolled in apprenticeship programs in each of the Atlantic provinces.
Breathe: A cost-effectiveness evaluation of breath-based lung cancer screenings
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-09) Emery, Herb; Cameron, Jillian; Dutton, Daniel J.; Singh, Paramdeep; Chan, Alvin; McDonald, Ted
Current incidence rates of lung cancer in the United States show that per 100,000 population, lung cancer will occur in 49 women and 60 men. Nearly half a million individuals in the United States were diagnosed with lung cancer between 2013 and 2017, and Canadian prevalence rates are similar: nearly 30,000 people are diagnosed with lung cancer each year. Mortality due to lung cancer is significant as well: approximately 130,000 people in the US and 21,000 people in Canada die annually due to lung cancer. Costs for treatment are also substantial, totaling about $2 billion per year in Canada, or approximately $70,000 per case. The high cost per case of cancer arises from many factors, central among them the advanced stage at diagnosis of many tumors leading to expensive therapies and treatments, costs for formal and informal caregivers, and life-years lost. The incidence and high mortality and costs associated with lung cancer show that lowering both the percentage of people receiving lung cancer diagnoses and the costs of treating lung cancer are important issues for our healthcare systems.
Caractérisation de la population francophone de la région du Grand Saint John (2015- 2020)
(l’Institut de recherche, de données et de formation du Nouveau-Brunswick de l’Université du Nouveau-Brunswick, 2023-02) McDonald, Ted; Balzer, Andy; Cameron, Jillian; Mokhtar, Rawia
Le bilinguisme rend la province du Nouveau-Brunswick (N.-B.) unique au sein du Canada, de par sa forte diversité linguistique et son incroyable richesse culturelle. Cependant, comme le Nouveau-Brunswick est la seule province officiellement bilingue du Canada, certains segments de sa population sont confrontés à des obstacles linguistiques. Par exemple, il n’y a que peu d’information sur la taille de la communauté francophone dont les membres préféreraient un service en français dans les régions à majorité anglophone. Sans cette information, il est, toutefois, impossible de représenter précisément la demande potentielle de services sociaux et de soins de santé en français et de trouver le moyen de répondre à cette demande le plus efficacement possible. Dans ce rapport, nous tentons de remédier aux obstacles linguistiques, particulièrement dans la région du Grand Saint John1 en élaborant un profil de la population francophone de cette région. Pour combler cette lacune au niveau des connaissances et éclairer les discussions sur les obstacles linguistiques au N.-B., les auteurs de ce rapport exposent une analyse de la mesure dans laquelle les services de santé, entre autres services d’aide, peuvent être offerts en français dans les régions à majorité anglophone de la province. Parmi les aspects visés, mentionnons l’état de santé des résidents, l’usage des services de santé, la réception des services sociaux, la composition des ménages et le profil socio-économique du quartier. Nous examinons comment ces aspects ont changé au fil du temps et nous les comparons à celles des Néo-Brunswickois francophones et anglophones qui vivent dans une communauté urbaine majoritairement francophone et des résidents anglophones qui vivent dans la RGSJ, à Moncton et dans le reste du N.-B.2 Étant donné qu’à ce jour, la seule information sur la préférence linguistique que l’on trouve dans les données administratives du N.-B. est tirée des dossiers du système de l’assurance-maladie de la province, il y a des raisons de croire que l’on sous-estime peut-être la préférence linguistique réelle concernant les services de santé. C’est pourquoi nous envisageons des ajustements en fonction des résultats sur les connaissances linguistiques régionales indiqués dans le recensement canadien de 2016.
Characterizing The Francophone Population in Greater Saint John (2015-2020)
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2023-02) McDonald, Ted; Balzer, Andy; Cameron, Jillian; Mokhtar, Rawia
Bilingualism makes the province of New Brunswick (NB) unique within Canada, bringing with it a high level of linguistic diversity and cultural enrichment. However, as Canada’s only officially bilingual province, NB also faces issues of language barriers affecting segments of its population. For instance, there is limited information about the size of the Francophone community that would prefer service in French in majority Anglophone areas. Without this information, it is impossible to accurately represent the potential demand for French-language health and social services and how to meet that demand most efficiently. In this report, we attempt to address language barriers specifically in the Greater Saint John (GSJ) region by constructing a population profile of the Francophone population of GSJ. To fill this knowledge gap and to inform discussions of language barriers in NB, this report supports an analysis of the extent to which health and other support services might be provided in French in majority-Anglophone areas of the province. Measures of interest include residents’ health status, health service use, social services receipt, household composition, and neighbourhood socioeconomic profile. We consider how these measures have changed over time and how they compare for Francophone and Anglophone New Brunswickers living in urban majority-French communities, as well as Anglophone residents living GSJ, Moncton, and the Rest of NB. To date, the only information on language preference in NB administrative data is based on records in the province’s Medicare system, and there is reason to believe this might underestimate actual language preference for health services. As such, we consider adjustments based on measures of area-level language fluency as reported in the 2016 Canadian Census.
Choosing wisely: Imaging for lower back pain
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-01) Emery, Jillian; DeVries, Gwenyth; McDonald, Ted; Somayaji, Chandy
As part of a global movement that began in the United States in 2012, Choosing Wisely Canada was launched in 2014 to help reduce unnecessary tests and treatments in healthcare. One of its recommendations is to not do imaging for lower back pain unless ‘red flags’ – or conditions that warrant diagnostic imaging – are present. In 2015, the Canadian Medical Imaging Inventory indicated that New Brunswick (NB) had the third-highest number of average CTs (computed tomography scans) per 1,000 population. In 2020, a revised report suggested NB had the highest number in the entire country. To date, there has been no detailed breakdown of the diagnostic imaging performed in NB to inform of past trends or advise on future directions; the Choosing Wisely New Brunswick steering committee therefore prioritized the investigation of accessible health data. This study aims to address this issue by linking lumbar spine imaging data with population demographics data at the New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training to look for variations in lumbar spine imaging patterns in NB between 2012 and 2019. We investigate regional volumes and types of imaging and identify the volume of lower back pain imaging that aligns with indicators of red flag conditions.
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Bathurst: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Bouctouche: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Campbellton: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Caraquet: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Dalhousie: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Dieppe: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Douglas: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Edmundston: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Florenceville-Bristol: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Fredericton: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Grand Bay-Westfield: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey
Climate change sensitivity profiles for New Brunswick Health Council Communities: Grand Falls: February 28, 2022
(New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, 2022-02-28) Magalhaes, Sandra; Rogers, Kyle; Wade, Tracey